The structural-dynamic nature of metacommunication: a phenomenological analysis and psychological characteristics

The article explores the phenomenological nature, structural-dynamic and functional features of metacommunication. The evolution of scientific views on the phenomenon of metacommunication is presented: from its initial understanding as a mechanism for message interpretation to its modern interpretation as a multi-level reflexive process. The structural components of metacommunication are analyzed, including meta-messages, reflexive and regulatory elements that are implemented at linguistic, semantic, and pragmatic levels. The main mechanisms of metacommunication are identified: feedback, dialogic interaction, and formation of shared mental models. The dialectical nature of metacommunication is revealed as a mechanism for realizing the dialectical potential of personality, manifesting through the interaction of opposite but interconnected processes: explicit-implicit, verbal-nonverbal, regulatory-reflexive, and ensuring the functioning of personality as an open dynamic system capable of self-organization and development through overcoming contradictions. The special role of phatic communication as a specific mechanism for establishing, maintaining, and terminating communicative contact is emphasized. The typological features of metacommunication are highlighted, encompassing explicit, implicit, verbal about nonverbal, and nonverbal about nonverbal forms. The functional significance of metacommunication in cognitive and personal development is emphasized through its connection with metacognition, reflection, and self-regulation. Attention is drawn to the practical significance of metacommunication in various fields of activity, particularly in international management, where it serves as a key tool for overcoming communicative barriers between representatives of different cultures.