Financial and economic sustainability of water supply and wastewater treatment enterprises in Ukraine: assessment and development prospects

A comprehensive approach to assessing the financial and economic sustainability of water supply and sewerage enterprises in Ukraine has been developed, taking into account the existing infrastructure constraints and water shortages. A statistical analysis of the financial indicators of the leading enterprises of the industry was carried out, which allowed to identify the main factors affecting their solvency, level of debt and investment attractiveness. The influence of tariff policy on the financial performance of enterprises, in particular on their ability to attract additional resources and ensure the proper quality of services, is characterized. The study uses economic forecasting methods to determine likely scenarios for the development of the industry in the long term, as well as to assess potential risks associated with the uneven distribution of water resources and deterioration of infrastructure. To confirm the findings, an empirical survey of water utility managers and specialists was conducted, which identified the most pressing problems: imperfect tariff setting, difficulties in attracting investment, and insufficient innovative solutions for modernizing water supply and wastewater systems. The author analyzes international experience in the field of rational use of water resources and the introduction of “green” financial instruments, in particular “green” bonds, which can become an effective mechanism for raising funds for infrastructure modernization. Based on the study, recommendations are made to improve the financial sustainability of enterprises by optimizing tariff policy, creating favorable conditions for investors, and developing strategic development plans with a focus on energy conservation and sustainable development. The significance of the obtained results lies in the formation of a scientifically sound basis for making managerial decisions aimed at improving the efficiency of water utilities. The proposed measures can be used by the authorities, industry associations, and the management of enterprises to ensure long-term financial and economic balance, improve the quality of services provided, and strengthen environmental safety in Ukraine.