Evolution of understanding psychosomatic disorders in medical psychology

Background. Psychosomatic disorders are a complex problem in medical psychology that have become widespread in modern conditions. Psychosomatic aspects are increasingly viewed as key in the development of many diseases that were previously considered purely somatic. The relevance of this study is due to the need to understand the historical development of approaches to psychosomatic disorders, which will improve the diagnosis and treatment of these conditions. Purpose – to analyze the development of the concept of psychosomatic disorders in medical psychology and to identify the main stages of its evolution. Materials and Methods. Historical analysis, theoretical generalization, and comparative approach methods were used, allowing consideration of changes in approaches to understanding psychosomatic disorders over the past centuries. Results. Key stages of the development of the concept of psychosomatics were identified, starting from ancient ideas about the connection between body and soul to the modern biopsychosocial approach. It was shown that modern methods of treating psychosomatic disorders are based on the integration of psychological and physical approaches. Conclusions. The understanding of psychosomatic disorders has significantly evolved, transitioning from simplified interpretations to a complex systemic approach that combines physiological, psychological, and social factors.