Representative power profiles for inertia provision by a grid-forming inverter in the low-voltage power grid

With the transition to renewable energies and higher transportation power, the inertia provided by the synchronous generators in the grid decreases. Every possible contribution has to be realised in the future. This paper analyses the potential of inertia from a battery storage system (BBS) in the low-voltage grid due to a grid-forming inverter. Resulting instantaneous power adjustments are first calculated and then simulated. These are determined for different frequency requirements, inverter start-up time constantsTAand grid connections. The higher the frequency gradient, the more power adjustment is required. With a higherTA, more inertia can be provided. The grid connection in the low-voltage grid only plays a minor role, as this is not a parameter that affects the calculation of the power adjustment. There are minor effects on the control response, as a maximum fluctuation margin of 1.3 % for the jump height. The provision of inertia should be possible from different grid connections. The higher the value forTAis set, the more potential is available to provide inertia from BSS in the low-voltage grid and to cover the inertia gap proportionally. However, the configuration is limited by the possible overload and the operation strategy of the BSS.