Navigating power fluctuations in renewable-dominated grids with inertia management

The integration of renewable energy sources in power systems rises the incidence of dangerous frequency dynamics. This paper addresses these challenges by proposing a virtual inertia control system designed based on a previously developed inertia estimation tool. The tool enables real-time assessment of system inertia, and the control system, emulating traditional rotating machines, compensates for the lost inertia. The proposed solution is tested in the 4-machine system model of São Vicente island, Cape Verde, yielding promising results. The experiments validate the efficacy of the control system in mitigating the impact of reduced inertia on grid stability during regular operation, showcasing its practical applicability in real-world scenarios. This research contributes to addressing the challenges associated with renewable energy integration and provides a tangible and scalable solution for maintaining grid stability in the face of diminishing inertia.