Ultra-resilient dynamic microgrid formation with renewable integration

Increasingly frequent natural disasters and cyber/physical attacks have posed an urgent need for resilient microgrids in communities. Dynamic microgrid formation (DMGF) is a novel strategy for boosting grid resilience against extreme events. However, traditional DMGF approaches do not consider the impact of renewable energy uncertainty and microgrid switching on system frequency and voltage, failing to provide a safety-guaranteed operation strategy. To address the challenge, this paper develops a new optimization formulation for ultra-resilient DMGF, where the renewable uncertainty and microgrid switching are systematically integrated by including a scenario dimension in the state variables and incorporating safety-assured transitional state constraints. A case study on a modified IEEE 37 node test feeder demonstrates that the developed method can significantly improve the resilience and safety of distribution systems with high renewable penetration under various uncertainties and disturbances.