Assessment of Acute Oral Toxicity, Shrimp Lethality Assay, and Histopathological Effects of Crude Extract of Chiropsoides buitendijki in Female Sprague Dawley Rats

This study evaluated the acute oral toxicity of a crude extract of Chiropsoides buitendijki in female Sprague-Dawley rats and its toxic effects in brine shrimp (Artemia salina). Rats were treated with the extract for 14 days, and no clinical signs of intoxication, lethality, or significant changes in body weight, food intake, or behavior were observed. The LD50 value for the rats was determined to be greater than 2000 mg/kg body weight. In brine shrimp lethality assays, the LC50 was calculated to be 20.89 µg/mL. Histological analysis of organs such as the liver, kidney, lungs, brain, spleen, ovary, and uterus revealed no pathological changes at both 300 mg/kg and 2000 mg/kg doses, with tissues maintaining normal structure. These results suggest that while the crude extract demonstrates potent toxicity in brine shrimp, it is non-toxic at high doses in rats and does not cause harm to major organs. The extract shows promise for potential pharmaceutical use, warranting further investigation into its bioactive constituents.