Design and Optimization of THz Refractive Index Diamond Shaped Hollow Core Biosensor for Brain Tissue Detection and Behaviour Prediction

The diagnosis of brain tumors remains a challenging and resource-intensive task due to the complexity of brain tissue and the limitations of existing diagnostic tools. Biosensors operating in THz regime can be used to monitor changes in the characteristics of brain tissues, including refractive index, However, the technical drawbacks of such systems are high costs, long signal acquisition tim,e and the need for high-performance calculations. In this research, we proposed a Terahertz (THz) refractive index-based novel diamond hollow-core biosensor for examining various brain tissues. The biosensor has a sensitivity range of 1.30 to 1.40 RI and a figure of merit that falls between 51000 nm RIU −1 , allowing for precise and accurate real-time diagnosis. The second contribution involves applying advanced optimization approach to optimize the model parameters. With a sensitivity of 99.45%, specificity of 99.78%, precision of 99.51%, and total accuracy of 99.93% in identifying malignant brain tissues, performance analysis shows exceptional results.