Comparison of Residual Stress According to Measurement Methods for Shot-Peened Stainless Steels

Residual stress in materials influences the structural and dimensional stability of mechanical components and can lead to damage. In this study, shot peening was performed on stainless steel, a material widely used in ship components and piping, to evaluate the changes in residual stress induced by this process. Residual stress measurements were conducted after shot peening three types of stainless steel—STS303, STS316L, and STS410—using the hole drilling method (HDM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) method, and instrumented indentation technique (IIT). The results indicated that residual stress distributions obtained through the hole drilling method exhibited similar trends across all three materials. XRD measurements showed that STS303 and STS410 had comparable residual stress distribution patterns, whereas STS316L exhibited a more dispersed distribution. Similarly, the residual stress distributions measured using IIT showed a consistent trend for STS303 and STS316L, while STS410 demonstrated a more scattered distribution. Although the residual stress distributions obtained from the three measurement methods exhibited similar overall trends, slight variations were observed in residual stress values depending on the method used. Therefore, further analysis is required to compare measurement errors across different methods, using various materials, to enhance the accuracy and reliability of residual stress evaluations.