Surgical findings and precautions for removing cement that leaked into the spinal canal due to balloon kyphoplasty: illustrative cases

Evaluating cement leakage after cement injection is essential to avoid oversights. Comprehensive preoperative imaging and meticulous planning are crucial due to the variability in cement leakage patterns. Surgical indications and timing require careful consideration, as cement leakage might be asymptomatic in some cases but result in irreversible damage if untreated. https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE24796.