Investigating the role of Medicinal Plants in HIV-Related Cognitive Decline

HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) presents a significant challenge in the management of HIV, particularly as individuals with the virus live longer due to antiretroviral therapy (ART). Despite the promise of ART in managing viral loads, cognitive impairments persist in a considerable number of HIV patients, affecting their quality of life. Currently, no effective treatments exist beyond ART, highlighting the need for complementary therapies. This review examines the potential role of medicinal plants in alleviating HIV-related cognitive decline. It discusses the mechanisms by which these plants may exert neuroprotective effects, including antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and neurogenesis-promoting properties. Additionally, the article evaluates experimental studies and clinical trials on medicinal plant-based interventions, providing insights into their therapeutic potential. While preliminary findings suggest some promise, further research is needed to validate the efficacy of these treatments in the context of HIV-related cognitive impairments. The article also underscores the importance of integrating traditional medicine with modern therapeutic strategies to enhance patient care. Keywords: HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND), cognitive decline, medicinal plants, neuroprotection, antiretroviral therapy (ART), oxidative stress, inflammation.