Surgical Activities of Orthopedics-Traumatology in a Second Reference Hospital in Mali Over a Period of Six Months

The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and nature of Orthopedic-Traumatology surgical procedures, to identify the main pathologies encountered and to analyze the characteristics of patients in a second-reference hospital in Mali. This was a retrospective descriptive study lasting six months from March 1 to August 31, 2023. Included in this study all the usable files of patients regardless of their age, sex, profession admitted to the department for an orthopedic or trauma pathology whose management required surgery. Two hundred and fifty-one (251) surgical procedures were selected, i.e. 20.9% of all surgical procedures in the hospital. A male predominance was found with a sex ratio of 2.4. The age group of 21 to 40 years was the most affected by operable lesions of the musculoskeletal system. The predominant socio-professional class was represented by farmers and breeders. Treatment before hospital admission was traditional in 55.2% of cases. The injuries were traumatic in 69.7% of cases. The pelvic limb was the most common location (68.6%) with a predominance of the leg segment (29.5%). The most common pathologies were fractures and soft tissue wounds. Patients were operated on in emergency in 168 cases (66.8%). Osteosynthesis, debridements and amputations were the most frequent surgical procedures. Orthopedic and trauma surgery represents an important part of the surgery at the Sominé Dolo Hospital in Mopti; one of the second reference hospitals located in the center of the country.