Optimizing Piezoelectricity and Temperature Stability in Sodium Potassium Niobate Ceramics through Phase Regulation and Texturing

This study aims to optimize the electromechanical performance and temperature stability of lead-free potassium sodium niobate-based piezoelectric ceramics. (1–x)K0.525Na0.475Nb0.96Sb0.04O3-xBi0.5Na0.5Zr0.5Hf0.5O3 ceramics are investigated by manipulating the phase structure and texturing. The addition of Bi0.5Na0.5Zr0.5Hf0.5O3 effectively adjusts the phase structure of the ceramics. Notably, the textured x = 0.03 ceramics exhibit excellent overall properties: piezoelectric strain coefficient d33 ∼ 590 pC/N, piezoelectric voltage coefficient g33 ∼ 57.7 × 10–3 Vm/N, and dielectric loss tan δ ∼ 0.043. The enhanced piezoelectric coefficient increases its potential for application in piezoelectric energy harvesting. Moreover, the d33 of the textured x = 0.05 ceramics demonstrates good temperature stability, with a d33 of 360 pC/N and fluctuating within 10% in the temperature range of 25 to 170 °C. The results indicate that combining texturing with phase structure modulation is a promising approach to enhancing the application potential of lead-free potassium sodium niobate-based piezoelectric ceramics.