Molecular study of antibiotic resistance genes in Escherichia coli isolated from various clinical sources

Background: Escherichia coli is the most commonly isolated species in clinical microbiology labs and one of the most studied microorganisms. It is a common commensal resident of the gastrointestinal tract and is one of the most significant pathogens in humans. The ongoing work is meant to provide more accurate information on the issue by looking at the profile of antibiotic susceptibility of clinical isolates of Escherichia coli from various samples. Methods: For our situation study, a sum of 240 specimens was obtained from different sources, including urine (74), stool (62), tooth decay (53), and burns (51). The morphology of isolates was observed following 24 hours, and testing for antimicrobial vulnerability was done by the Kirby-Bauer disk dispersion method, also the presence of bla-OXA1, tetA and sul1, genes was molecularly tested by PCR technique. Results: Of the 240 separated isolates, 20 were Escherichia coli, E. coli isolates was more prevalent in females (55%) than in males (45%). Additionally significant levels of antibiotic resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, piperacillin-tazobactam, cefixime, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, ertapenem, aztreonam, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and rifampin were found in E. coli isolates. By using PCR technique, we found that only 15 (75%) of the isolates have sul1 genes, 4 (20%) have tetA genes, and 19 (95%) have bla-OXA1 genes. (P-value: 0.0013). E. coli separated from a range of clinical specimens exhibited high resistance to widely used antibiotics and varied patterns of antibiotic sensitivity. Gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol, and doxycycline were the most effective antibiotics against E. coli isolates. Conclusion: As a result, it is suggested that doctors must conduct antibiotic sensitivity testing in order to choose the best antibiotics.