Exploring the Correlation between MicroRNA-128 and MicroRNA-212 Expression and Cytokine Profiles in HPV-Induced Wart Patients: Implications for Immune Regulation and Targeted Therapeutic Approaches

Background Human papillomavirus infections have previously been linked to causing warts, and microRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to play modes to modulate the immune response to these type infections. objective: This study examined the relationship between miR- 128/miR-212 expression and cytokine levels in HPV-related warts, exploring their role in immune responses and potential as therapeutic targets for HPV treatment. Methodology: miR-128 and miR-212 expression levels were measured by qRT-PCR in tissue samples, while levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-10 cytokines were measured by ELISA in blood samples from 150 patients with HPV-induced warts. Results: Expression of miR-128 and miR-212 significantly correlated with cytokine profiles in HPV-induced warts. MiR-128 showed a strong positive correlation with IFN-γ, suggesting involvement in antiviral immunity. Weaker positive correlations existed between miR-128 and both TNF-α and IL-10. In contrast, miR-212 moderately negatively correlated with IFN-γ and had a slight positive correlation with TNF-α and IL-10. These results suggest an immunomodulatory role for miR-128 and indicate that the influence of miR-212 is less powerful. Conclusions: The correlation between expression of miR-128 and high IFN-γ revealed that miR-128 is a potential therapeutic target when using IFN-γ injection to treat HPV-induced warts and encourage more investigation of miR-128/miR-212 in the immune response of HPV infection and novel therapeutic strategies against HPV-induced warts.