Formation of ESG reporting according to GRI standards: social aspect

The article focuses on studying the pressing issues related to the formation of ESG reporting based on the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) standards, with an emphasis on the social aspects of business activities. The necessity of a systematic approach to the implementation of GRI standards as a foundation for developing high-quality ESG reporting that aligns with modern global trends in sustainable development is substantiated. The article demonstrates opportunities to improve data presentation methods aimed at ensuring transparency, comparability, and completeness of information for stakeholders using examples from GRI standards 401, 404, 405 and others. Special attention is given to the development of tables for presenting key non-financial indicators, such as employment, staff turnover, personnel training, ensuring equal opportunities, and respecting employee rights. Specific approaches to evaluating the effectiveness of corporate HR policies are outlined, particularly through the analysis of gender equality, regional distribution of employees, employment conditions, and the alignment of company policies with the principles of social responsibility. Methodological approaches to calculating hiring and turnover rates, average training costs, and reporting on cases of discrimination or human rights violations are presented. The results of the study are aimed at providing practical recommendations for implementing international standards in the reporting practices of Ukrainian enterprises. This contributes to improving the quality of non-financial reporting, enables the assessment of corporate impacts on environmental, social, and governance spheres, and enhances business reputation in the eyes of investors, partners, and society. The presented material is valuable for researchers, analysts, managers and other professionals working in the fields of accounting, auditing, and reporting who aim to integrate sustainability principles into business practices.