THE IMPACT OF INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGIES ON PROMOTING SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY,ENGINEERING, AND MATH EDUCATION AMONG K-12 IN THE UNITED STATES

This review discussed the impact of instructional strategies on advancing (STEM) education among K-12 students. This study encompasses students ranging from 5 to 18 years of age. The promotion of STEM education among K–12 students in America necessitates a diverse array of instructional strategies and interventions. Effective pedagogical strategies are essential for fostering students' engagement with and comprehension of STEM subjects, which are increasingly critical to equipping them to address societal challenges and future occupational demands. This study examined the background of STEM education in America, with a focus on K-12 students. The review also discussed the challenges associated with STEM education in this student demographic and analyzed the instructional and other strategies implemented to address these challenges. Implementing these instructional strategies has yielded some positive impacts in math; for instance, the United States continues to underperform compared to its global peers. This finding points to the need for more strategic and coordinated efforts to improve STEM education in K-12. Furthermore, this paper explored future strategies to promote STEM education among K-12 students. KEYWORDS: STEM education, K-12, Gamification, socioeconomic factors