Lithium-Ion Battery Condition Monitoring: A Frontier in Acoustic Sensing Technology

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are widely used in the fields of consumer electronics, new energy vehicles, and grid energy storage due to their high energy density and long cycle life. However, how to effectively evaluate the State of Charge (SOC), State of Health (SOH), and overcharging behavior of batteries has become a key issue in improving battery safety and lifespan. Acoustic sensing technology, as an advanced non-destructive monitoring method, achieves real-time monitoring of the internal state of batteries and accurate evaluation of key parameters through ultrasonic testing technology and acoustic emission technology. This article systematically reviews the research progress of acoustic sensing technology in SOC, SOH, and overcharge behavior evaluation of LIBs, analyzes its working principle and application advantages, and explores future optimization directions and industrialization prospects. Acoustic sensing technology provides important support for building efficient and safe battery management systems.