Management Practices on Soil Biochemical Parameters and Rhizosphere Microbial Communities of Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.): An Overview

Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.), a commercially important and nutrient-intensive crop, is extensively cultivated across various regions of India. The increasing population and intensification of agricultural practices have led to a decline in soil fertility and contributed to global climate change. This situation presents a formidable challenge to current turmeric cultivation methods, as the demand for food continues to rise. Therefore, it is imperative to optimize sustainable agricultural practices and mitigate the ecological impacts of food production to support a growing population. The review reveals that organic and integrated nutrient regimes generally enhance microbial diversity and support beneficial soil microorganisms, which contribute to improved soil health and potentially higher growth and yield in turmeric. In contrast, conventional practices are often associated with reduced microbial diversity and depletion of soil health. The review emphasizes the importance of sustainable agricultural practices in maintaining soil biodiversity and health, which are crucial for the long-term productivity and sustainability of turmeric farming. Additionally, advancements in rhizosphere research are highlighted, providing deeper insights into optimizing soil management practices for turmeric cultivation.