Phytotherapeutic Analysis of Chloroform-Based Fractions of Alstonia scholaris and Wrightia tinctoria Extracts Reveals Potent Anti-Psoriatic Activity: An In Vitro and In Vivo Study

<b>Background/Objectives:</b> Psoriasis, a prevalent dermatological disorder, poses therapeutic challenges due to limited effective treatments or adverse side-effects. Traditional medicinal plants like <i>Alstonia scholaris</i> and <i>Wrightia tinctoria</i>, historically used in Ayurvedic and Siddha practices, show potential in treating inflammatory skin diseases. This study aims to explore their in vitro and in vivo anti-psoriatic properties to develop safer and more effective therapies. <b>Methods</b>: Chloroform:methanol fractions from ethanol extracts of <i>Alstonia scholaris</i> and <i>Wrightia tinctoria</i> were evaluated for anti-psoriatic activity. In vitro assays using HaCaT cells assessed cell viability, apoptosis, and inflammatory markers. In vivo studies utilized an IMQ-induced psoriasis mouse model, evaluating skin lesions, histopathology, and cytokine profiles. <b>Results</b>: Chloroform fractions significantly reduced HaCaT cell viability and induced apoptosis. They also dose-dependently downregulated IL-8 and RANTES levels. In vivo, these fractions reduced skin inflammation, edema, and psoriasis scores. Histopathological analysis showed decreased epidermal thickness and dermal inflammation. Key psoriasis biomarkers IL-17 and IL-23 were significantly reduced. <b>Conclusions</b>: Chloroform:methanol fractions from <i>Alstonia scholaris</i> and <i>Wrightia tinctoria</i> demonstrated potent anti-psoriatic effects in vitro and in vivo. These findings support their potential as novel phytotherapeutic agents for managing psoriasis, offering promise for further development and clinical application.