A comprehensive study of particle dynamics, thermal fluctuations with Barrow entropy, and greybody factors of quantum-improved charged black holes

Abstract This study examines the characteristics and behavior of quantum-improved charged black holes, focusing on the relationships between mass, charge, and the quantum-improved parameter. We explore the consequences of these characteristics on the structure of a black hole’s horizon, particularly investigating the ways that variations in charge and mass modify the horizon radius and size of innermost stable circular orbits. A thorough thermodynamic analysis indicates substantial impacts on corrected energies, including Helmholtz free energy, enthalpy, internal energy, and Gibbs free energy, in the context of Barrow entropy, emphasizing stable and unstable configurations across various quantum correction parameter ranges. Additionally, we analyze wave behavior near the cosmic horizon and its correlation with effective potential, illustrating whether wave frequency influences the gravitational absorption function and the transmission properties of scalar fields near quantum-improved charged black holes. Our findings highlight the complex interaction between black hole dynamics and quantum parameters, facilitating a more profound comprehension of black hole thermodynamics and their significance in curved space-time quantum field theory.