Campesinato e capitalismo na América Latina

This paper aims to research Latin American peasantry as a central element in understanding the relationship between capitalism and social organization in the region. Contrary to evolutionary perspectives from Europe, the peasantry is portrayed as a complex and indispensable structure within late capitalism, providing labor, food, and social resilience. The paper indicates a dual condition of peasants as alienated and rebellious workers, emphasizing their social organization as resistance against exploitation and dispossession. The text also examines the impact of coloniality and the historical and cultural specificities shaping the peasantry, as well as its connection to indigenous peoples and social movements. In a context of structural inequality, the peasantry emerges as a key-actor in the struggle for agrarian rights and social justice, highlighting its essential role in the pursuit of a more inclusive and democratic society.