Computational Identification and Characterization of Glycosyltransferase 47 (GT47) Gene Family in Sorghum bicolor and Their Expression Profile in Internode Tissues Based on RNA-Seq Data

Sorghum is an essential crop for biofuel. Many glycosyltransferase (GT) families, including GT47, are involved in the production of both types of polysaccharides. However, a comprehensive study related to the GT47 gene family is needed. The glycosyltransferase (GT) 47 family helps in the synthesis of xylose, pectin, and xyloglucan and plays an essential role in the formation of the proper shape of the plant cell wall. In this study, we performed identification, phylogenetic tree, physiochemical properties, subcellular localization, protein–protein interaction network, detection of motif analysis, gene structure, secondary structure, functional domain, gene duplication, Cis-acting elements, sequence logos, and gene expression profiles based on RNA-sequence analyses in the GT47 gene family. As a result, we identified thirty-one members of the GT47 gene family. The phylogenetic analysis grouped them into three distinct clusters. According to their physiochemical properties, all GT47 proteins were hydrophilic, and their molecular weights ranged from 22.7 to 88.6 kDa. Three essential motifs were identified via motif and conserved domain analysis, emphasizing structural conservation. Subcellular localization was proposed for the various functional roles across cellular compartments. While gene structure analysis showed significant variation in introns–exons, promoter study verified susceptibility to phytohormones like ABA. RNA sequencing revealed that several GT47 genes were highly expressed in internodes, and this was linked to biomass accumulation, cell wall manufacturing, and stem elongation. Analysis of networks of protein–protein interactions and Cis-elements confirmed involvement in stress adaptation and growth regulation. These results contribute to a better understanding of the functional and evolutionary significance of the GT47 gene family in sorghum.