Technological Research on Preparation of Alkyl Polyglycoside by High-Gravity Impinging Stream-Rotating Packed Bed

This manuscript introduces a new method of preparing alkyl polyglycoside, using n-decyl alcohol and glucose as raw materials, and using the high-gravity impact flow rotating packed bed (IS-RPB) as equipment to prepare alkyl polyglycoside by a direct glycoside process, focusing on solving the problems related to glucose’s easy agglutination and high cost during the preparation of alkyl polyglycoside. The effects of impact times, temperature and molar ratio of n-decyl alcohol on glucose-on-glucose conversion were investigated. The results show that the new preparation method can achieve a glucose conversion rate of more than 70%, the molar ratio of n-decyl alcohol to glucose can be reduced to 2:1, the reaction can still be carried out below 90 °C, and the glucose conversion rate can reach more than 90% after subsequent reprocessing. The product was identified as the target alkyl polyglycoside through infrared spectroscopy analysis. The critical micelle concentration of the product’s aqueous solution was determined to be 5 g/L, with a corresponding surface tension of 25.42 mN/m. Its HLB was calculated at 16.26, categorizing it as an O/W-type emulsifier characterized by excellent foaming properties and producing a rich, fine foam. Moreover, the product demonstrates favorable emulsifying and detergency capabilities.