Exploration of Suitable Conditions for Shoot Proliferation and Rooting of Quercus robur L. in Plant Tissue Culture Technology

<i>Quercus robur</i> L., also referred to as "summer oak" or "English oak", is an esthetically pleasing species, making it an excellent choice for street trees and gardens. Raising <i>Quercus</i> presents several challenges, including its long growth period, delayed germination, and inconsistent emergence. The shoot proliferation and adventitious root formation of <i>Q. robur</i> are crucial for establishing a tissue culture regeneration system and are vital for the successful transplantation of seedlings. To address this, experiments were conducted to assess shoot proliferation and adventitious root formation in <i>Q. robur</i> using various media. The shoot proliferation time, shoot proliferation coefficient, number of rooting strips, and length indicators of roots were recorded. The results indicated that a combination of 0.3 mg/L 6-Benzylaminopurine (6-BA) and 100 mg/L cefotaxime (Cef) was optimal for shoot propagation, while a solution of 0.1 mg/L 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 1/2 Murashige and Skoog Medium (1/2MS) medium was most effective for root induction. This study has identified the optimal conditions for adventitious root formation and shoot proliferation in <i>Q. robur</i>, providing a basis for further research into propagation, germplasm conservation and genetic transformation techniques.