Frequency‐Tunable Plasma: Insights Into Ozone and Reactive Species Dynamics for Biomedical Use

ABSTRACT This study investigates how varying excitation frequencies (15, 30, 45, and 60 kHz) influence ozone and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in excitation frequency‐controlled cold atmospheric pressure plasma (EFCAP) and plasma‐treated water (PTW) for biomedical applications. Adjusting the excitation frequency alters the amplitude and frequency of the waveform, thereby affecting the production of ozone and ROS. The most pronounced effects occur at 15 kHz, with strong correlations observed between discharge parameters and frequency modulation. Furthermore, the introduction of nitrogen into argon plasma significantly enhances ozone production. These findings offer valuable insights into optimizing plasma discharge conditions to improve control over reactive species, advancing the development of plasma‐based medical treatments.