Multiple Sclerosis as a Moderator in the Dynamics of Interoceptive Awareness and Emotion Dysregulation

Background: Suffering from multiple sclerosis (MS) appears to have ramifications not only for emotional well-being and emotion regulation but also for interoceptive awareness and its constituent elements.This study aimed to assess the intricate interplay between interoceptive awareness and emotion dysregulation, with a particular emphasis on the potential moderating influence of MS. Methods:The population of this cross-sectional study consisted of all MS patients and their healthy caregivers and/or companions who visited MS clinics at Emam Khomeini and Sina Hospitals in Tehran.Utilizing purposive sampling based on inclusion criteria, a sample of 429 individuals was selected, comprising 161 relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients and 268 healthy individuals.Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics and hierarchical regression analysis subsequent to the completion of the multidimensional assessment of interoceptive awareness version-2 (MAIA-2) and the difficulties in emotion regulation scale (DERS). Results:The results revealed a significant and negative association between all facets of interoceptive awareness and emotional regulation challenges for both MS patients and healthy individuals (r=-0.12 to -0.54, P<0.05).Notably, the moderating impact of MS on this relationship exhibited variations across the MAIA-2 subscales (P<0.05). Conclusion:In addition to unraveling the complex interaction between interoception and emotion regulation in MS, these findings regarding the possible role of interoceptive awareness in emotional well-being could benefit clinicians, especially those who work with the mental health of individuals with MS.