Lipolytic enzymes: Producers, industrial application, prospects of production in the Republic of Azerbaijan

Lipolytic enzymes (triacylglycerol hydrolases E.C. 3.1.1.3),especially lipases are biocatalysts that hydrolyse biopolymers of oil into glycerol and fatty acids of great practical importance in industry, as well as transesterifiers and biocatalysts used in oil synthesis.These substances of serious industrial importance are obtained from different sources (plant, animal and microorganism) and used for different purposes.Examples include waste disposal, medicine, biotechnology, bioremediation, wastewater treatment, detergents, vegetable and animal oils, dairy products, and biodiesel production.As we mentioned, even though lipolytic enzymes are acquired from various sources, these enzymes obtained from micromycetes are practical because the enzyme system is extracellular, and they are easy to obtain and relatively inexpensive.However, the research done and carried out in this field is still not at the required level, and the demand for a physiological, microbiological and biochemical study of these enzymes obtained from fungi remains relevant for the modern era.This review article is dedicated to the possibilities of application and production of lipolytic enzymes in some fields in the Republic of Azerbaijan, taking as an example the world practice of recent years and based on the work done in this field in our Republic.As an example of these problems, we can point to the bioremediation of oil-contaminated soils and the biological cleaning of wastewater.so the problems in these areas are relevant and important to be solved not only in our country but also in the world, against the background of environmental protection and the inevitability of water shortages in the future due to the depletion of water resources.