Abstract A065: Innovative Epigenetic Techniques for Early Leukemia Detection: Advances in Laboratory Diagnostics

Abstract Background: Leukemia is a group of hematological malignancies characterized by the abnormal proliferation of blood cells. The epigenetic regulation of gene expression has emerged as a key factor in leukemia development and progression. This study aims to investigate the epigenetic landscape in a cohort of Sudanese leukemia patients, exploring potential biomarkers for diagnosis and therapeutic intervention. Methods: A cross-sectional experimental study was conducted on 200 confirmed leukemia patients from various hospitals in Sudan. Comprehensive clinical data, including demographic information, leukemia subtypes, and treatment history, were collected. Blood samples were obtained from each patient, and DNA was extracted for epigenetic analysis, focusing on DNA methylation patterns and histone modifications. Advanced molecular techniques, including bisulfite sequencing and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), were employed to identify key epigenetic changes associated with leukemia in the Sudanese population. Results: Preliminary findings revealed distinct epigenetic signatures associated with different leukemia subtypes, particularly in genes related to cell cycle regulation and apoptosis. Several differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were identified as potential biomarkers for early detection and treatment response monitoring. Additionally, specific histone modifications correlated with disease severity and prognosis. Conclusion: This study highlights the significance of epigenetic alterations in Sudanese leukemia patients and underscores their potential as diagnostic and prognostic tools. Further research is needed to validate these findings and explore the therapeutic implications of targeting epigenetic changes in leukemia. Citation Format: Fathelrahman Gameel. Innovative Epigenetic Techniques for Early Leukemia Detection: Advances in Laboratory Diagnostics [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR IO Conference: Discovery and Innovation in Cancer Immunology: Revolutionizing Treatment through Immunotherapy; 2025 Feb 23-26; Los Angeles, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2025;13(2 Suppl):Abstract nr A065.