Integrating historic landscape characterization for historic district assessment through multi-source data: a case study from Hangzhou, China

Preserving and revitalizing architectural heritage within urban development and regeneration mandates effective sustainable management of historic district landscapes. However, the absence of a standardized evaluation method poses a significant challenge. In response, our study has enhanced the original Historic Landscape Characterization (HLC) method by refining eight key evaluation factors. We propose a landscape management framework that integrates both subjective and objective assessments, leveraging diverse data sources such as Point of Interest (POI) databases and satellite imagery. Employing the Beishan Street historic district in Hangzhou, China, as a case study, we trace its historical evolution using temporal slices and assess landscape value quantitatively. Our findings underscore the considerable landscape value of landmarks such as the Baochu Pagoda and Yue Fei Memorial Temple, with value scores offering valuable insights for landscape management strategies. Furthermore, by combining considerations with landscape sensitivity, we advocate for a comprehensive approach to prioritizing future interventions, calculating attention levels for more informed decision-making.