The Effect of Inorganic and Microbial Fertilizer Applications on the Grain Yield and Some Agronomic Characters of the bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)##

Background: In the century we live in, due to the environmental problems caused by the use of synthetic fertilizers, sustainable solutions are being sought. The use of beneficial microorganisms as biological fertilizers, which are directed in line with these searches, is remarkable. has become a phenomenon. This study aimed to investigate the effect of microbial fertilizer comparing them with synthetic fertilizer in Van ecological conditions. Methods: This research was conducted in summer seasons of 2020 and 2022 to investigate the effects of microbial (Bacillus atrophaeus, Bacillus-GC group and Rhizobium gallicum) and chemical (Control: No fertilizer, NP100: 40 kg N/ ha-1, 60 kg/ ha-1 P2O5 and NP50: 20 kg N / ha-1, 30 kg/ ha-1 P2O5) fertilizer applications on the yield and nutrient content of beans. The experiment was conducted in split plot design and replicated thrice. Result: Experimental results revealed that the use of microbial fertilizers led to a significant improvement in the morphological characteristics of bean plants in comparison to those treated with inorganic fertilizers. Besides, the utilization of microbial fertilizers, particularly when arranged in a consortium, exhibited performance that was nearly indistinguishable from that of synthetic fertilization. The highest grain yield was obtained with NP100 (40 kg N/ ha-1, 60 kg/ ha-1 P2O5) + NR (Bacillus atrophaeus + Rhizobium gallicum) application. Apart from this effect, other microbial applications also played a positive role in plant growth and production. It was therefore concluded that microbial fertilizers can be employed as a suitable alternative to chemical fertilizers in order to establish a sustainable agricultural system in bean cultivation, to enhance productivity, to safeguard and to improve soil properties.