Symptoms and Impact of Double-J Stent on the Quality of Life After Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy in Vietnam

Background: Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is a common treatment for kidney stones, and double-J (D-J) stenting is often employed post-procedure to ensure proper urine flow and avoid complications. However, double-J stents are known to cause discomfort, leading to a reduced quality of life. This study aims to evaluate the urinary symptoms and overall impact of D-J stents on quality of life following PCNL. Methods: This study was conducted prospectively on 200 patients who underwent PCNL and D-J stenting at Bach Mai Hospital. The Ureteral Stent Symptom Questionnaire (USSQ) was used to assess the impact on urinary symptoms, body pain, work performance, and general health. Data were collected both four weeks post-stent implantation and four weeks post-stent removal. Results: Among 200 patients (mean age 53.06 years), 82.5% experienced pain, predominantly in the kidney front area (77.4%) and kidney back area (54.7%). Sleep was interrupted in 77.4% of patients due to pain. Urinary symptoms included urgency (90.5%), urge incontinence (42.5%), dysuria (50.5%), and hematuria (40%). The symptoms negatively impacted work performance and sexual health. After stent removal, significant improvements were observed in all domains of the USSQ. Conclusions: Double-J stents are associated with significant symptoms that lower the quality of life in patients post-PCNL. Monitoring and care programs are necessary to manage these adverse effects effectively.