A Study on the Causes and Optimization Paths of Rural Inclusive Financial Supply Constraints from the Perspective of Credit Rationing

This study, based on the theory of credit rationing, analyzes the causes of supply constraints in rural inclusive finance and constructs expected profit models for commercial banks, farmers, and guarantee institutions to explore their roles in rural financial supply. The research finds that factors such as information asymmetry, high difficulty in credit risk management, and an imperfect guarantee mechanism are the main reasons for the constraints on the supply of rural inclusive finance. Banks, concerned about default risks, adopt high interest rates and strict approval policies, which suppress the financing needs of farmers. Although guarantee institutions can alleviate credit rationing to some extent, their sustainability is challenged. In response to these issues, this paper proposes optimization paths, including improving the rural credit system, optimizing credit risk management, perfecting the guarantee mechanism, and reasonably setting loan interest rates. It emphasizes the need for coordinated efforts among the government, financial institutions, guarantee institutions, and borrowers to promote the improvement and development of the rural financial system through institutional innovation. The conclusions not only expand the application of credit rationing theory in the field of rural inclusive finance but also provide theoretical and practical guidance for policy-making.