Energy Enhancement and Hotspot Mitigation for Wireless Sensor Network by Data Aggregation

A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a network of distributed sensors, which are used to sense the physical environment and transmit information through wireless media. Data aggregation is very important in WSNs because it helps in minimizing on the number of transmitted data, hence saving power, and increasing the lifetime of the network. Due to the concentration of information at the intermediate nodes, it reduces the amount of traffic that has to be passed across the network, the amount of energy consumed, and increases the network utilization. The Poly disperses Steiner Minimum Tree-based Routing Protocol (PSMT-RP) protocol improves energy consumption and eliminates hotspots in WSNs by optimizing data aggregation with the help of the PSMT. Based on the concept of SMT, the proposed protocol reduces the length of the communication paths by choosing the proper intermediate nodes and thus, conserves energy and reduces latency. It adapts the node communication range to provide optimal data routing, thereby increasing the network duration and power consumption. Due to data aggregation at the intermediate nodes, it minimizes the transmission distances and prevents congestion which in turn fosters load balancing. Due to its efficiency in meeting Quality of Service (QoS) demands and in the management of energy resources, it is ideal to be implemented in large networks with limited energy supply. The simulation outcome is compared with existing state-of-art techniques whereas PSMT-RP outperforms and achieves high throughput with minimal energy consumption.