Impact of Seed Coating with Prebiotics on the Physiological Performance and Soil Microbial Activity of Blackgram (Vigna mungo L.) during Storage

Background: Soil microbial abundance is necessary for soil health, influencing plant growth and resilience. This study examines the effects of prebiotic seed coating on the physiological performance and soil microbial activity of blackgram (Vigna mungo L.) over six months of storage. Methods: In storage studies, blackgram seeds were coated with a prebiotic formulation at two doses: 6 g/kg and 8 g/kg with uncoated seeds as control. The coated seeds were stored in cloth bag at ambient conditions and assessed monthly for germination percentage, seedling vigor index (SVI), root and shoot length, dry matter production and microbial activity in the spermosphere and rhizosphere, including dehydrogenase activity. Result: Results revealed that seeds coated with prebiotics, particularly at the 8 g/kg dose maintained higher germination rates, vigor and microbial activity over six months compared to uncoated seeds. The 8 g/kg achieved the highest germination (91%) and SVI (3464) at the end of storage, along with increased microbial populations and enhanced dehydrogenase activity (17.93 µg TPF/g soil/day), suggesting sustained microbial and biochemical activity in the soil. The stability of the formulation was assessed by storing 6 months old prepared formulation. Newly prepared formulation performed better in terms of physiological attributes and soil microbial activity. The findings indicate that seed coating with prebiotics at higher doses significantly improve seed viability, growth parameters and soil microbial health over extended storage, demonstrating their potential as a sustainable approach to enhance plant productivity and soil quality.