The Network Relationship Between the Core Elements of Interpersonal Communication Competence and Depression in Chinese College Students

Depression is a prevalent mental health problem among college students, often stemming from academic stress, social pressure, and self-regulatory needs. This study explored the intricate network relationships between interpersonal communication competence and depressive symptoms to understand better how these variables interact and influence students' mental health. Using a sample of 486 college students from a university in Shandong, China, this study examined the centrality, connectivity, and predictability between 10 dimensions of interpersonal communication competence and dimensions of depressive symptoms using network analysis. Results indicated that stronger interpersonal communication competences, particularly altercentrism, immediacy, and supportiveness, were protective factors for depression, contributing to emotional support and reduced loneliness. Altercentrism is the highest level of mediation between interpersonal competence and depression. The study identified gender differences, with men relying more on immediacy, while women emphasized interaction management and expressiveness. The findings highlight the importance of gender-specific interventions that address gender-specific needs, and that such interventions can improve interpersonal communication competences as a strategy for alleviating depression in college students.