Nonlinearity and Controllability of Dielectric Permittivity

Among the various materials used in electronics, an important place is occupied by the functional (smart) dielectrics. In this paper, we study dielectric nonlinearity and the possibility of an electrical control over the permittivity. In ionic compounds, this nonlinearity is conditioned by different electronegativities of neighboring ions, while the controllability of permittivity is determined by a change in the rigidity of atomic bonds under a controlling electric field influence. The relevance of this problem is due to the fact that microelectronics uses very thin dielectric layers, in which the electrical strength increases significantly allowing the use of nonlinearity. Moreover, in ferroelectrics, the electric field activates the orientation of domains, which significantly increases the permittivity, and, conversely, decreases it, when the reorientation of domains is suppressed by a bias electric field. The rate of nonlinear change in permittivity and its electrical control are important for use in electronics. So, the applicability limits of these properties are assessed using dielectric spectroscopy.