Simulation Analysis of Keyway Shaft Cutting Based on Low Frequency Axial Vibration

Low-frequency axial vibration cutting technology has advantages in reducing tool wear and improving processing surface quality, but further research is needed on this technology. This paper studies the influence of cutting parameters on the surface of keyway shaft processed by low-frequency axial vibration technology. Firstly, a two-dimensional simulation model of low-frequency axial vibration cutting of workpieces is established. Secondly, the range of the influence of vibration amplitude and tool rake angle on cutting performance is determined respectively. Then, a four-factor three-level orthogonal experiment is designed using vibration amplitude and frequency, tool rake angle, and relief angle. The results show that the optimal combination of the four factors is vibration amplitude of 1.0mm, vibration frequency of 50Hz, tool rake angle of 20°, and relief angle of 20°. Finally, through range analysis, it is determined that the influence of the four factors on cutting performance is in the following order: vibration amplitude, vibration frequency, tool rake angle, and relief angle. This simulation analysis can provide a reference basis for low-frequency axial vibration cutting of shaft-like parts.