Global Transport: International Cargo Shipping

The article analyzes the development of international cargo transportation. The greatest volumes in physical terms (in tons) are transported by the merchant marine fleet. The largest cargo flows are oil, liquid petroleum products, iron ore, coal, and grain. Despite loud statements and continuous attempts to reduce the consumption of fossil fuels, which should have affected the volumes transported, their freight traffic appears to be growing so far. Deliveries of finished products in containers are increasing. After a certain drop in the volume of transported goods during the pandemic in 2023, the situation gradually began to return to pre-COVID levels. The article also discusses cargo transportation by rail. Although its volumes in international communication are not as large as maritime transportation, this mode of transport plays a significant role in intercontinental cargo shipping. In the context of international transportation, materials related to the development of road transport are also considered.