Targeting Neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's Disease: A Comprehensive Evaluation of Andrographolide as a Potential Therapeutic Agent in the Management and Treatment of Cognitive Decline

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) remains a pressing global health issue, necessitating the discovery of effective therapeutic strategies. This review explores Andrographolide as a potential therapeutic agent for neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's. The compound's neuroprotective capabilities—spanning anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic effects—form the basis of its therapeutic promise. Beginning with an overview of the growing prevalence and impact of AD, the review underscores the urgent need for novel treatments. Derived from Andrographis paniculata, Andrographolide has demonstrated potential in preclinical studies by mitigating key Alzheimer's features. This analysis delves into the compound's chemical characteristics, pharmacological properties, and extraction methods, followed by an exploration of its neuroprotective mechanisms. The review critically assesses preclinical and clinical studies, offering a comprehensive evaluation of Andrographolide's effects. Through comparative analysis with existing therapies, the unique advantages and limitations of Andrographolide are highlighted, positioning it as a promising disease-modifying candidate for Alzheimer's treatment.