Baryon stopping and charge deposition in heavy-ion collisions due to gluon saturation

We compute baryon and electric charge deposition in high-energy heavy-ion collisions using the color glass condensate effective field theory, where at leading order, charge is deposited through multiple scatterings of valence quarks with a saturated gluon target. A simplified phenomenological formula is derived to describe charge deposition, from which the parametrical dependence with collisional energy and geometry can be extracted. We present an approximate analytical prediction of the so-called baryon stopping parameter <a:math xmlns:a="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><a:msub><a:mi>α</a:mi><a:mi>B</a:mi></a:msub></a:math>, which shows excellent agreement with the state-of-the art extractions of <b:math xmlns:b="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><b:msub><b:mi>α</b:mi><b:mi>B</b:mi></b:msub></b:math> from experimental data. These results are further validated using the framework, by computing charge deposition at midrapidity across a range of collision energies <c:math xmlns:c="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><c:mrow><c:mo>(</c:mo><c:msqrt><c:msub><c:mi>s</c:mi><c:mrow><c:mi>N</c:mi><c:mi>N</c:mi></c:mrow></c:msub></c:msqrt><c:mo>=</c:mo><c:mn>62.4</c:mn><c:mo>–</c:mo><c:mn>5020</c:mn><c:mspace width="0.16em"/><c:mi>GeV</c:mi><c:mo>)</c:mo></c:mrow></c:math>.