Eco-friendly synthesis trend of Sn-V bimetallic nanoparticles and its potential biological applications

• Eco-friendly synthesis of Sn-V bimetallic nanoparticles (BNPs) is achieved using Piper longum extract. • XPS spectra confirm the presence of Sn 4+ and V 5+ oxidation states in Sn-V BNPs. • Sn-V BNPs exhibit a high DPPH scavenging effect of 61.7 %, showcasing strong antioxidant properties. • The nanoparticles show exceptional anti-inflammatory activity, achieving 91.7 % inhibition. • Cytotoxicity studies on MCF-7 cells reveal an IC 50 value of 57 µg/mL, indicating significant anticancer potential. This investigation outlines the eco-conscious fabrication of tin-vanadium bimetallic nanoparticles (Sn-V BNPs) using Piper longum extract. The crystalline nature of Sn-V BNPs is confirmed by XRD data, with an average crystalline size of 20 nm. Morphological characterization by HRTEM confirms the irregular, polycrystalline structure of the nanoparticles, with an average size of approximately 25–50 nm. The Sn-V BNPs exhibit enhanced anti-inflammatory activity, achieving a maximum inhibition of 91.7 %. They demonstrate potent antidiabetic activity, with an IC 50 of 52 µg/mL in alpha-amylase inhibition. The nanoparticles also show remarkable cytotoxicity activity, with an IC 50 value of 57 µg/mL against MCF-7 lung cancer cells. These findings highlight the promising potential of green-synthesized bimetallic nanoparticles as multifunctional therapeutic agents.