Experimental electronic structures of the Fe <sup>IV</sup> =O bond in S=1 heme vs. nonheme sites: Effect of the porphyrin ligand
High-valent Fe<sup>IV</sup>=O species are common intermediates in biological and artificial catalysts. Heme and nonheme S=1 Fe<sup>IV</sup>=O sites have been synthesized and studied for decades but little quantitative experimental comparison of their electronic structures has been available, due to the lack of direct methods focused on the iron. This study allows a rigorous determination of the electronic structure of a nonheme Fe<sup>IV</sup>=O center and its comparison to an Fe<sup>IV</sup>=O heme site using 1s2p resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) and Fe L-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). Further, variable temperature magnetic circular dichroism (VT-MCD) of the ligand field transitions, combined with nuclear resonance vibrational spectroscopy of the two S=1 Fe<sup>IV</sup>=O systems show that the equatorial ligand field decreases from a nonheme to a heme Fe<sup>IV</sup>=O site. Alternatively, RIXS and Fe L-edge XAS combined with MCD show that the Fe d<i>π</i> orbitals are unperturbed in the Fe<sup>IV</sup>=O heme relative to the nonheme site because the strong axial Fe-O bond uncouples the Fe d<i>π</i> orbitals from the porphyrin <i>π</i>-system. As a consequence, the thermodynamics and kinetics of the H-atom abstraction reactions are actually very similar for heme compound II and nonheme Fe<sup>IV</sup>=O active sites.
Authors
- Leland Bruce Gee (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5817-3997)
- Michael W. Mara (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3766-9368)
- Dennis Nordlund (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9524-6908)
- Edward I. Solomon (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0291-3199)
- Max D. J. Waters (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3505-627X)
- Charles J. Titus (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6312-8552)
- Thomas Kröll (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2176-6905)
- Ang Zhou (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1450-9169)
- Jeffrey T. Babicz (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1476-8390)
- Augustin Braun (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9487-5769)
- Melanie Ehudin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4324-4721)
- Dimosthenis Sokaras (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8117-1933)
- Yoshitaka Yoda (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3062-8651)
- David A. Quist (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6996-5586)
- Yasuhiro Kobayashi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4857-1297)
- Keith O. Hodgson
- Kenji Tamasaku (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1440-0518)
- Anex Jose (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4924-7886)
- Kenneth D. Karlin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5675-7040)
- LAWRENCE JUN. QUE (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0989-2813)
- Michael L. Baker (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8246-3177)
- Sang‐Jun Lee (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8199-3993)
- Britt Hedman
Institutions
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- Kyoto University (JP)
- University of Minnesota System (US)
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (US)
- SPring-8 (JP)
- RIKEN (JP)
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JP)
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (US)
- Stanford University (US)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2025-02-21
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2420205122
- Citations
- 4
- Primary Topic
- Metal-Catalyzed Oxygenation Mechanisms
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 2.15
Funders
- National Science Foundation
- U.S. Department of Energy
- Royal Society of Chemistry
- Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung
- National Institutes of Health
- Office of Science
- Stanford Research Computing Center, Stanford University
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences
- Basic Energy Sciences
- Biological and Environmental Research
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory