Modulation of Cardiovascular Parameters and Functional Capacity After Telephysiotherapeutic Breathing Yogic Pranayam in Young Vapers in India

A BSTRACT Introduction: One of the global concerns regarding use of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) among young adults is like another pandemic which has caused associated lung injuries and cardiogenic effects on human body. Even though the product is not approved by FDA and is also banned in India, the rapid evolution of ENDS has led to an urgent need to study the prevalence of these products and its effect on the different cardiovascular parameters. Methodology: Thirty-four subjects, who endorsed use of vapes with nicotine containing liquids since last 2 months for alternate days a week and a minimum of 25 min a day, were assessed for their blood pressure, heart rate, double product, and 6MWD. It was ensured that they were “low dependence” as on the Penn State E-Cigarette Dependence Index (PSECDI) and also scored less than 10 on Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). They were then subjected to breathing exercise intervention for 28 sessions every day for 20 min. The observed mean values of all parameters were compared pre and postintervention for vapers. Results: There was statistically significant change in blood pressure, heart rate, double product but not in 6MWD after the breathing exercise intervention. At baseline, both groups had similar demographic profile; however, the control group had significantly different and better cardiovascular parameters than the ones who vaped. Conclusion: There was statistically significant improvement in the cardiovascular parameters in vapers after telephysiotherapeutic pranayam intervention in vapers.