Enhancing ESG integration in corporate strategy: a bibliometric study and content analysis

Purpose This study aims to develop a comprehensive framework for environmental, social and governance (ESG) integration in corporate strategy by differentiating between four mechanisms: legality, ethical concerns, monitoring and motivation. These mechanisms are examined from governance and performance perspectives to provide a deeper understanding of their implications. Design/methodology/approach A systematic review of the Web of Science database formed the basis of this study. Descriptive analyses tracked publication trends, while detailed content analysis identified key themes. These findings were synthesized into a conceptual framework for ESG integration, ensuring practical relevance for scholars and practitioners. Findings The study identifies areas where ESG integration influences corporate strategy, such as enhanced corporate governance, ethical decision-making, risk management and improved organizational performance. Notable trends include the increasing emphasis on regulatory compliance and ethical concerns in corporate governance, reflecting shifts in priorities across academic and industry domains. The framework provides a foundation for advancing research and strategic ESG implementation. Practical implications The findings offer actionable insights for corporate strategists and policymakers to enhance risk management, operational efficiency and corporate reputation through ESG adoption. Social implications Enhanced ESG integration fosters social equity and sustainable development by promoting ethical practices and addressing stakeholder concern. Originality/value This research introduces a novel framework that categorizes drivers and consequences of ESG adoption, bridging gaps in the literature.