Optimization of 3D Printing Parameters for Enhanced PLA Tensile Strength Using the Taguchi Method

Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) has significantly advanced in the additive manufacturing of complex geometrical and customized parts, particularly for thermoplastics like Polylactic Acid (PLA). The present study aimed to optimize FDM process parameters to improve the tensile strength of 3D-printed PLA, a crucial mechanical property for various applications. The Taguchi method was employed to systematically and effectively analyze the effects of six key process parameters: nozzle temperature, printing speed, layer thickness, infill density, infill pattern, and orientation. The analysis revealed that among these parameters, only nozzle temperature and infill density had a significant impact on tensile strength, as demonstrated by the variance analysis. By optimizing these critical parameters, the tensile strength of the printed PLA parts was improved from the previously reported 35 MPa to 40 MPa, representing a notable enhancement. Additionally, a linear regression-based empirical model was developed, achieving an R-squared value of 89.2%, enabling accurate prediction of tensile strength for given process parameter values. These findings provide a vital foundation for enhancing the mechanical performance of FDM-printed PLA components. They are particularly relevant for applications across industries requiring high-strength materials, further solidifying the potential of FDM in advanced manufacturing scenarios.