The Impact of PID Control Parameters on DC Motor Performance

This paper investigates the influence of PID control parameters on the performance of DC motors, which are integral components in industrial automation and robotics. DC motors require precise control for applications demanding high accuracy in speed and position, and the PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) controller remains one of the most effective tools for this purpose. Through a comprehensive literature review, this study explores the effects of proportional (P), integral (I), and derivative (D) components on the stability, accuracy, and responsiveness of DC motor control systems. The findings indicate that proportional gain (Kp) impacts system stability and responsiveness, integral gain (Ki) addresses steady-state errors, and derivative gain (Kd) enhances transient response. The results of this research contribute to the optimization of PID controller tuning strategies, offering practical insights for improving the efficiency of motor control in diverse applications.