Increasing Prevalence of Syphilis: Oral Manifestations, Diagnosis and Management

ABSTRACT Introduction Cases of syphilis are increasing, with 9513 cases diagnosed in England in 2023, the highest annual number since 1948. Oral healthcare professionals should therefore be aware of how oral syphilis presents, the differential diagnosis and the appropriate care pathway and management. Case Series We present 14 contemporary cases of oral syphilis to highlight the clinical features, outline the diagnostic pathway and document the management of the patients. We present the first patient in the literature to receive a diagnosis of neurosyphilis following an initial presentation with an oral lesion, emphasising the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of this increasingly prevalent infection.