An Intelligent Blockchain-Enabled Authentication Protocol for Transportation Cyber-Physical Systems

Transportation Cyber-Physical System (T-CPS) is a pivotal technology for advancing Intelligent Transportation System, integrating physical transportation infrastructure with network technology and computational algorithms. This integration facilitates real-time road condition monitoring, accurate traffic forecasting, and efficient traffic management to reduce congestion and enhance safety. However, relying on public channels for data transmission in T-CPS exposes it to numerous security threats. Addressing these challenges, this paper proposes an intelligence blockchain-based lightweight authentication protocol to enhance the security and trustworthiness of Intelligent Transportation System. The protocol is designed to resist common attacks, such as capture attacks and insider privileged personnel attacks, ensuring secure vehicle communication. Through rigorous Real-Or-Random model formal proofs, the security properties of the protocol are validated. Furthermore, the efficiency of the protocol is demonstrated, showing its lightweight nature and security robustness. This work represents a significant step toward secure, reliable, and efficient communication in vehicular networks, paving the way for more robust T-CPS applications, including autonomous driving and real-time traffic management.