An Integrated Fuzzy Multi-Criteria Framework for Evaluation of Sustainable Communication Technologies

Communication technologies are increasingly recognized as essential tools for advancing sustainability, offering solutions that support ecological responsibility, economic stability, and inclusive social progress. Recognizing their transformative potential, this study explores how such technologies contribute to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and presents a systematic approach for prioritizing them. To address the complexity and ambiguity involved in such complex evaluations, this study employs a fuzzy decision-making model, integrating the Fuzzy Weight by Envelope and Slope (F-WENSLO) method to derive the importance of evaluation criteria, followed by the Fuzzy Ranking Alternatives with Weights of Criterion (F-RAWEC) method to rank various communication technologies. The proposed model is applied to five communication technologies, including 5G Wireless Networks, Fiber Optic Communication Systems, Low Power Wide Area Networks, Wi-Fi 6, and Satellite Internet. Wi-Fi 6 emerged as the most sustainable, followed by Low Power Wide Area Networks, while Satellite Internet ranked lower. A high average correlation of 0.95 with other FMCDM methods confirms the reliability of the proposed model, making it a practical tool for sustainable technology selection. The robustness of the results is further supported by a sensitivity analysis. This research offers not only a rigorous evaluation framework but also valuable insights to inform investment decisions and policy development.